Kidney/Blood Connection

About one-quarter (750-1000 pints daily) of the blood which is output by the heart is sent to the body's "filter treatment plant," where it is purified by the kidneys and circulated on to the rest of the body. 1/1000th to 2/1000th of the blood flow becomes fluid waste and is sent into the bladder for storage until it can be conveniently expelled. This toxic waste is called urine. The paired kidneys in the upper part of the abdomen toward the back balance the fluid levels of the body. They balance the body's acid/alkaline nature and the concentrations of salts, minerals and other materials. The blood is filtered, purified, cleansed and adjusted twenty-four hours every day. Hundreds of pints of blood flow through these organs daily, about one-fourth of the heart's output or approximately the body's entire volume. The blood circulates through the kidneys twenty times each hour for purification. About two and one-half pints of this flow becomes urine, although the amount largely depends on our consumption of food and drink, our physical activity and other factors. The Roman physician Galen, of the 2nd Century A.D., believed the kidney was a sieve, which filtered out impurities from the system into the urine for disposal. His idea was remarkably accurate, especially when we realise that the role of the heart and circulatory system were not known until 1500 years later. 

How much blood does the human body have (pints)?

The human body contains up to ten pints of blood. Red blood cells are formed at a rate of 2 million per second. 

The Cardiovascular System

The circulatory system is responsible for supplying the body with blood, it pumps blood from the heart to the lungs to receive oxygen and then back to the heart to be pumped through the body to the brains, kidneys, organs of digestion and reproduction and extremities returning then to the heart to begin over again. 

Artery/Vein Tissues

Arteries and veins have the same layers of tissues in their walls, but the proportions of these layers differ. Lining the core of each is a thin layer of endothelium, and covering each is a sheath of connective tissue, but an artery has thick intermediate layers of elastic and muscular fiber, while in the vein, these are less developed. The arterial wall helps to withstand and absorb the pressure waves, which begin in the heart and are transmitted by the blood. The wall expands with the force of a swell, then snaps back to push the blood forward as the heart rests. Valves in the arteries prevent the blood from flowing backwards at this time, so pressure peaks are slowly flattened out as the fluid proceeds through the arterial vessels. As blood enters the capillary network (the smallest vessels in the body), the pressure falls off. When the capillaries meet and form the veins, the blood is oozing rather than surging. There is no need now for the strength and elasticity of the arteries, so the walls of the veins are thin and almost floppy. To make up for this, many veins are located in the skeletal muscles, and the least movement of a limb squeezes the vein and drives the blood toward the heart. Valves are again used to ensure flow in the right direction. 

Fatty deposits in arteries blockage coronary heart attack?

That fatty deposits in our arteries can lead to blockage of our coronary arteries and an ultimate heart attack? As fat increase in the arteries, our heart has to work harder to supply the same amount of blood through the smaller diameter arteries. 

Pins and needles poor circulation?

The sensation of pins and needles is caused by an impairment of blood circulation. 

Brain

The brain is a jelly-like substance, which in adults weighs about three pounds. It is divided into three parts: the brain stem, which is an extension of the spinal cord, the forebrain (which consists mainly of the cerebruim) and the cerebellum. The forebrain and cerebellum are divided into two hemispheres which are linked by a thick band of nerve fibers and these hemispheres have areas, called "lobes," which perform specific functions. The brain's surface lies in rather ugly, wrinkled folds. Traditionally referred to as one's "gray matter," it does, indeed, contain gray nerve cell bodies which surround a smaller mass of white nerve fibers. The brain, like the heart, is protected by a buffer zone. This, in the form of fluid, may be the source of "water on the brain," but it is very necessary to our survival. Only these pools of fluid and the skull protect the brain from the bumps and grinds of daily living which would damage this fragile organ. With them, we are able to think, reason, love, forgive, create and remember, as well as to survive through automatic processes such as breathing and digesting, and we have reflexes which signal in case of "fight or flight" emergencies. Just think of it!